Between
1850 and 1945 London changed beyond recognition as a result of the
interplay between population pressures, novel means of transport,
a revolution in building techniques, and a new leisure ethos. By
the early 20th century there were a variety of Londons. Buildings
spread deep into the countryside until Green Belt legislation was
passed to save what remained. Distinct types of suburb developed.
Ramblers took advantage of the remaining commons, heaths and woods
around London. And those two icons of modern London, the A-Z and
the Underground map, were created.
The city emerged from the Second World War badly battered. 'Comprehensive
redevelopment' and tower blocks followed, but caused at least as
many social problems as they were intended to resolve. Life for
the homeless and unemployed was as hard as ever. 'Swinging' and
'cool' London co-existing with homelessness, ethnic tensions and
traffic congestion? Not quite so novel as some might think.
The London of today is buoyant. Self-government is restored, business
and culture is strong. But the early 21st century brings London -
the most international of all the world's cities - continued challenges,
such as population growth and the possible consequences of climate
change. Modern mapping continues to reflect these concerns and visions
as it does the next great London event, the 2012 Olympics.
